Credentials-2f: Fetch-url-http-3a-2f-2f169.254.169.254-2flatest-2fmeta Data-2fiam-2fsecurity

http://169.254.169 is a classic Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) attack vector targeting AWS Instance Metadata Service, capable of revealing temporary IAM credentials. An attacker exploits this by forcing a web application to fetch data from the internal, trusted link-local IP, resulting in potential full cloud account takeovers, as demonstrated in the 2019 Capital One breach. Modern AWS IMDSv2 protections require a session token, mitigating this specific "fetch-url" attack.

How clients commonly fetch these credentials